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Professor Christine Milligan
Professor of Health and Social Geography
Department: Division of Health Research
Degree: PhD
Research Interests
Christine Milligan joined the Division of Health Research in September 1999. Before coming to Lancaster, Christine held a teaching post in the Department of Geography at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow. Her postgraduate study and undergraduate education were also undertaken at Strathclyde, where she graduated with a First Class Honours degree in Geography and Politics.
Christine's research interests are focused around: voluntarism and social welfare; informal care-giving and older people; mental health; and therapeutic landscapes. She is associate editor of the International Journal of Health and Place, Chair of the Mid-Life and Older People's Health Task Group for the North West and Vice Chair of the RGS/IBG Health Geography Research Group.
Christine also has an interest in ethics in research and is the principal investigator on a 3 year ESRC Research Training Programme on Ethics and Ethical Practice in Social Science Research. For further details see the ESRC Research Training Programme pages here. She was also instrumental in developing the Faculty Committee on Ethics in Research and an ethics resource for use in departments across and an ethics web-site.
Christine is also a member of EFORTT, an EU FP7Collaborative Projecton Ethical Frameworks for Telecare Technologies for Older People at Home. The project involves four partner organisations from across the EU and follows on from an earlier EU FP5 network (Identifying trends in European Medical Space) that brought together and synthesised health related activity from 29 different academic institutions across the European Union. and FP6 SSA (MEDUSE) involving 5 partner institutions and whichactively brought together academics, clinicians, practioners and service users to discuss issues around three core health themes (new care technology; risk; and patient organisations).
Christine was the principal investigator on a comparative ESRC funded research project thatlooked at shifts in voluntary activism in the UK and New Zealand. This work was concerned with the extent to which different social, historical and cultural contexts, within and across neo-liberal states impact on the development of voluntary activism in the sub-sectors of mental health and community safety. Further details can be found at: http://www.lancs.ac.uk/fass/projects/placing-vol-activism/. She has also been involved in a NERC funded project that is concerned with the health impacts of growing your own fruit and vegetables.
Other recently completed research includes: a study of informal carer's experiences of the care transition in New Zealand; an evaluation of Thematic Healthy Living Centres for Age Concern; a Forestry Commission funded study looking at 'New Pathways for health and well-being in Scotland: research to understand and overcome barriers to accessing woodlands'; and a study, funded by the NHS, that examined the extent to which communal gardening on allotment sites and social activity can be shown to have a therapeutic effect on the health and mental well-being of older people.
Earlier research includes an ESRC funded study on Voluntarism, Social Welfare and the City. Using the theoretical concept of the 'shadow state', this project examined the range and diversity of welfare voluntarism across Glasgow, with the aim of illuminating how and why spatial inequity of voluntarism arises in relation to three key areas of social welfare (health, crime and criminal justice and black and ethnic minority issues). She was also involved in a study funded by the Forestry Commission that explored the extent to which a reduction in the availability of natural woodland play-spaces in childhood might impact on the mental well-being in young adulthood;
Christine's teaching interests have a particular emphasis on qualitative methods, health geography, theory and debate in health and medicine and ethics in research.
Recent Publications
Books
Milligan, C. (2009) There's No Place like Home: People, Place and Care in an Ageing Society, Ashgate Geographies of Health BookSeries, Aldershot.
Mort, M., Milligan, C., Roberts, C. and Moser, I. (eds) (2008) Ageing, Technology and Home Care: New Actors, New Responsibilities, Presses de l'Ecole des mines: Paris (pp.124)
Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) (2006) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press: Bristol.
Milligan, C. (2001) Geographies of Care: space, place and the voluntary sector, Aldershot: Ashgate.
Harvey, D., Jones, R. McInroy, N. and Milligan, C. (eds) (2001) Celtic Geographies: old culture, new times, London: Routledge.
Refereed Journal Articles
Andrews, G., Milligan, C., Phillips, D. and Skinner (in press) Geography and Gerontology: mapping a disciplinary intersection,Geography Compass.
Mort, M., and Roberts, C., and Milligan, C. (2009) 'Ageing, Technology and Home: a critical project, Ageing', in Technology & the Home: researching new care configurations special issue of ALTER: The European Journal of Disability Research. 85-89.
Milligan, C. (2009) 'Geography of Voluntarism', commissioned article for The International Encyclopaedia of Human Geography, Elsevier.
Milligan, C. (2007) 'Geographies of Voluntarism: mapping the terrain', Geography Compass, Blackwell (commissioned article) Volume 2, doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00008.x., Blackwell.
Milligan C., Atkinson, S., Skinner, M. and Wiles, J. (2007) 'Geographies of Care - a critical commentary', New Zealand Geographer.
Milligan C, and Bingley, A, (2007) 'Therapeutic places or scary spaces? The impact of woodland on the mental well-being of young adults', Health and Place, 13:3, 799-811.
Bingley, A. and Milligan, C. (2007) 'Sandplay, Clay and Sticks': Multi-Sensory Research Methods to Explore the Long-Term Mental Health Effects of Childhood Play Experience', Children's Geographies, 5:3, 283-296.
Milligan, C. (2006) 'Caring for older people in the 21st Century: notes from a small island', Health and Place, 12, 320-331
Milligan, C. (2005) 'Placing narrative correspondence in the geographer's toolbox: insights from care research in New Zealand', New Zealand Geographer, 61, 213-224.
Milligan, C. (2005) 'From home to 'home': Situating emotions within the care-giving experience', Environment and Planning A, 37:12, 2075-2270.
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2005) 'Digging deep: Using diary techniques to explore the place of health and well-being amongst older people', Social Science and Medicine, 61,1882-1892.
Milligan, C. and Fyfe, N. (2005) 'Making Space for Volunteers: exploring the links between voluntary organizations, volunteering and citizenship', Journal of Urban Studies, 42:3.
Davidson, J. and Milligan, C. (2004) ' Embodying Emotion, Sensing Space: introducing emotional geographies', Social and Cultural Geography, 5:4, 523-532.
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, A. (2004) 'Cultivating health and mental well-being among older people', Growth Point, March 2004.
Milligan, C., Gatrell, T. and Bingley, A. (2004) 'Cultivating Health': therapeutic landscapes and older people in Northern England, Social Science and Medicine, 58, pp. 1781-1793.
Milligan, C and Fyfe, N. (2004) 'Putting the voluntary sector in its place: geographical perspectives on voluntarism and social welfare', Journal of Social Policy, 33:1, 73-93.
Milligan, C. (2003) 'Exploring Therapeutic Landscapes: Footsteps to Praxis: 3', Journal for Healthcare Design and Development, September 2003, pp. 15-16.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2003) 'Space, citizenship and the 'shadow state': Exploring the voluntary welfare sector in Glasgow' Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 35: pp.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2003) 'Out of the shadows: exploring contemporary geographies of the welfare voluntary sector, Progress in Human Geography, 27:4, 397-413.
Milligan, C. (2003) 'Location or Dis-Location: from community to long term care - the caring experience' Journal of Social and Cultural Geography, 4:4, pp 455-470.
Milligan, C. (2000) 'Breaking out of the Asylum': the impact of the informal sector in a restructured mental health environment', Health and Place, 6:3, 189-200.
Milligan, C. (2000) 'Bearing the Burden: towards a restructured geography of caring', Area, 32:1 49-58.
Cummins, S. and Milligan, C. (2000) Guest Editorial: 'Taking up the challenge: new directions in the geographies of health and impairment', Area, 32: 1, 7-10.
Milligan, C. (1998) 'Pathways of Dependency: the Impact of Health and Social Care Restructuring - the Voluntary Experience', Social Science and Medicine, 46:6, 743-753.
Milligan, C. (1996) 'Service Dependent Ghetto Formation - a transferable concept?' Health and Place, 2:4, 199-211.
Book chapters
Bingley, A. and Milligan, C. (in press) 'Sandplay, Clay and Sticks': Multi-Sensory Research Methods to Explore the Long-Term Mental Health Effects of Childhood Play Experience', Methodologies in Children's Geographies, Taylor and Francis, London.
Milligan, C. (2008) 'Restoration or risk? Exploring the place of the common place', in Williams, A. (ed) commissioned chapter for Therapeutic Landscapes: Advances and Applications, Ashgate, Aldershot. pp. 245-272
Milligan, C. (in press) "Location or Dis-location? Towards A Conceptualization of People and Place in the Care-giving Experience", in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C., Gatrell, A., and Bingley, C. (in press) 'Cultivating Health': Therapeutic Landscapes and Older People in Northern England', in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C. (2007) "Location or Dis-location? Towards A Conceptualization of People and Place in the Care-giving Experience", in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C., Gatrell, A., and Bingley, C. (2007) 'Cultivating Health': Therapeutic Landscapes and Older People in Northern England', in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C. and Fyfe, N. (2006) ' Renewal or relocation? Voluntarism, Social Welfare and the City', in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol (publication date June 2006).
Conradson, D. and Milligan, C. (2006) 'Reflections on Landscapes of Voluntarism', in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Landscapes of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol. Chapter 16.
Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (2006) 'Spaces of Welfare: the voluntary turn?' in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol (publication date June 2006).
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2005) 'Healing and Feeling: the place of emotions for older people' in Davidson, J., Smith, M. and Bondi, L., (eds) Emotional Geographies, Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 49-62.
Milligan, C. (1999) 'Without these Walls: a geography of mental ill health in a rural environment', in Butler R. and Parr H., Mind and Body Spaces: Geographies of Illness, Impairment and Disability, London, Routledge.
Reports
Milligan, C., Roberts, C., Mort, M., Moser, I. (2006) 'The impact of new technologies and responsibilities for health care for older people living at home across diverse European cultures and systems: a policy paper', MEDUSE, http://meduse.pbwiki.com.
Attree, P., Milligan, C., and Roen, K. (2006) Thematic Healthy Living Centres - an evaluation, Research Report, Age Concern, North West.
Milligan, C. (2004) Caring for Older people in New Zealand: informal carers' experiences of the transition of care from the home to residential care, Research Report, July, 2004.
Bingley A. and Milligan, C. (2004) Climbing Trees and Building Dens: A report on mental health and well-being young adults and the long-term effects of childhood play experience, Research Report, Forestry Commission, July, 2004.
Milligan, C. , Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2003) Cultivating Health and Mental Well-being among Older People in Northern England: End of Project Report, October 2003.
Bingley, A. Milligan, C. and Gatrell, T. (2003) Cultivating Health and Mental Well-being among Older People in Northern England: Participants' Summary Report, June 2003.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2001) Voluntary Organisations, Space and the City: End of Project Report, June 2001.
Potential Doctoral Proposals
Supervisory Areas
I am interested in supervising postgraduate research students who want to do (largely but not exclusively) qualitative research in the following areas:
· Voluntary activity and activism in health and social welfare
· Informal care-giving (particularly in relation to older people)
· Care and the changing nature of home
· Therapeutic landscapes
· Place, health and well-being of older people
· Place and mental health.
Recent Publications
Books
Milligan, C. (2009) There's No Place like Home: People, Place and Care in an Ageing Society, Ashgate Geographies of Health BookSeries, Aldershot.
Mort, M., Milligan, C., Roberts, C. and Moser, I. (eds) (2008) Ageing, Technology and Home Care: New Actors, New Responsibilities, Presses de l'Ecole des mines: Paris (pp.124)
Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) (2006) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press: Bristol.
Milligan, C. (2001) Geographies of Care: space, place and the voluntary sector, Aldershot: Ashgate.
Harvey, D., Jones, R. McInroy, N. and Milligan, C. (eds) (2001) Celtic Geographies: old culture, new times, London: Routledge.
Refereed Journal Articles
Andrews, G., Milligan, C., Phillips, D. and Skinner (in press) Geography and Gerontology: mapping a disciplinary intersection,Geography Compass.
Mort, M., and Roberts, C., and Milligan, C. (2009) 'Ageing, Technology and Home: a critical project, Ageing', in Technology & the Home: researching new care configurations special issue of ALTER: The European Journal of Disability Research. 85-89.
Milligan, C. (2009) 'Geography of Voluntarism', commissioned article for The International Encyclopaedia of Human Geography, Elsevier.
Milligan, C. (2007) 'Geographies of Voluntarism: mapping the terrain', Geography Compass, Blackwell (commissioned article) Volume 2, doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00008.x., Blackwell.
Milligan C., Atkinson, S., Skinner, M. and Wiles, J. (2007) 'Geographies of Care - a critical commentary', New Zealand Geographer.
Milligan C, and Bingley, A, (2007) 'Therapeutic places or scary spaces? The impact of woodland on the mental well-being of young adults', Health and Place, 13:3, 799-811.
Bingley, A. and Milligan, C. (2007) 'Sandplay, Clay and Sticks': Multi-Sensory Research Methods to Explore the Long-Term Mental Health Effects of Childhood Play Experience', Children's Geographies, 5:3, 283-296.
Milligan, C. (2006) 'Caring for older people in the 21st Century: notes from a small island', Health and Place, 12, 320-331
Milligan, C. (2005) 'Placing narrative correspondence in the geographer's toolbox: insights from care research in New Zealand', New Zealand Geographer, 61, 213-224.
Milligan, C. (2005) 'From home to 'home': Situating emotions within the care-giving experience', Environment and Planning A, 37:12, 2075-2270.
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2005) 'Digging deep: Using diary techniques to explore the place of health and well-being amongst older people', Social Science and Medicine, 61,1882-1892.
Milligan, C. and Fyfe, N. (2005) 'Making Space for Volunteers: exploring the links between voluntary organizations, volunteering and citizenship', Journal of Urban Studies, 42:3.
Davidson, J. and Milligan, C. (2004) ' Embodying Emotion, Sensing Space: introducing emotional geographies', Social and Cultural Geography, 5:4, 523-532.
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, A. (2004) 'Cultivating health and mental well-being among older people', Growth Point, March 2004.
Milligan, C., Gatrell, T. and Bingley, A. (2004) 'Cultivating Health': therapeutic landscapes and older people in Northern England, Social Science and Medicine, 58, pp. 1781-1793.
Milligan, C and Fyfe, N. (2004) 'Putting the voluntary sector in its place: geographical perspectives on voluntarism and social welfare', Journal of Social Policy, 33:1, 73-93.
Milligan, C. (2003) 'Exploring Therapeutic Landscapes: Footsteps to Praxis: 3', Journal for Healthcare Design and Development, September 2003, pp. 15-16.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2003) 'Space, citizenship and the 'shadow state': Exploring the voluntary welfare sector in Glasgow' Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 35: pp.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2003) 'Out of the shadows: exploring contemporary geographies of the welfare voluntary sector, Progress in Human Geography, 27:4, 397-413.
Milligan, C. (2003) 'Location or Dis-Location: from community to long term care - the caring experience' Journal of Social and Cultural Geography, 4:4, pp 455-470.
Milligan, C. (2000) 'Breaking out of the Asylum': the impact of the informal sector in a restructured mental health environment', Health and Place, 6:3, 189-200.
Milligan, C. (2000) 'Bearing the Burden: towards a restructured geography of caring', Area, 32:1 49-58.
Cummins, S. and Milligan, C. (2000) Guest Editorial: 'Taking up the challenge: new directions in the geographies of health and impairment', Area, 32: 1, 7-10.
Milligan, C. (1998) 'Pathways of Dependency: the Impact of Health and Social Care Restructuring - the Voluntary Experience', Social Science and Medicine, 46:6, 743-753.
Milligan, C. (1996) 'Service Dependent Ghetto Formation - a transferable concept?' Health and Place, 2:4, 199-211.
Book chapters
Bingley, A. and Milligan, C. (in press) 'Sandplay, Clay and Sticks': Multi-Sensory Research Methods to Explore the Long-Term Mental Health Effects of Childhood Play Experience', Methodologies in Children's Geographies, Taylor and Francis, London.
Milligan, C. (2008) 'Restoration or risk? Exploring the place of the common place', in Williams, A. (ed) commissioned chapter for Therapeutic Landscapes: Advances and Applications, Ashgate, Aldershot. pp. 245-272
Milligan, C. (in press) "Location or Dis-location? Towards A Conceptualization of People and Place in the Care-giving Experience", in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C., Gatrell, A., and Bingley, C. (in press) 'Cultivating Health': Therapeutic Landscapes and Older People in Northern England', in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C. (2007) "Location or Dis-location? Towards A Conceptualization of People and Place in the Care-giving Experience", in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C., Gatrell, A., and Bingley, C. (2007) 'Cultivating Health': Therapeutic Landscapes and Older People in Northern England', in Gavin J. Andrews, David R. Phillips and Ajaya Kumar Sahoo (eds) Geographies of Ageing: A Reader, Rawat Publisher, New Delhi, India (forthcoming).
Milligan, C. and Fyfe, N. (2006) ' Renewal or relocation? Voluntarism, Social Welfare and the City', in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol (publication date June 2006).
Conradson, D. and Milligan, C. (2006) 'Reflections on Landscapes of Voluntarism', in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Landscapes of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol. Chapter 16.
Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (2006) 'Spaces of Welfare: the voluntary turn?' in Milligan, C. and Conradson, D. (eds) Geographies of Voluntarism: New Spaces of Health, Welfare and Governance, Policy Press, Bristol (publication date June 2006).
Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2005) 'Healing and Feeling: the place of emotions for older people' in Davidson, J., Smith, M. and Bondi, L., (eds) Emotional Geographies, Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 49-62.
Milligan, C. (1999) 'Without these Walls: a geography of mental ill health in a rural environment', in Butler R. and Parr H., Mind and Body Spaces: Geographies of Illness, Impairment and Disability, London, Routledge.
Reports
Milligan, C., Roberts, C., Mort, M., Moser, I. (2006) 'The impact of new technologies and responsibilities for health care for older people living at home across diverse European cultures and systems: a policy paper', MEDUSE, http://meduse.pbwiki.com.
Attree, P., Milligan, C., and Roen, K. (2006) Thematic Healthy Living Centres - an evaluation, Research Report, Age Concern, North West.
Milligan, C. (2004) Caring for Older people in New Zealand: informal carers' experiences of the transition of care from the home to residential care, Research Report, July, 2004.
Bingley A. and Milligan, C. (2004) Climbing Trees and Building Dens: A report on mental health and well-being young adults and the long-term effects of childhood play experience, Research Report, Forestry Commission, July, 2004.
Milligan, C. , Bingley, A. and Gatrell, T. (2003) Cultivating Health and Mental Well-being among Older People in Northern England: End of Project Report, October 2003.
Bingley, A. Milligan, C. and Gatrell, T. (2003) Cultivating Health and Mental Well-being among Older People in Northern England: Participants' Summary Report, June 2003.
Fyfe, N. and Milligan, C. (2001) Voluntary Organisations, Space and the City: End of Project Report, June 2001.
Milligan, C. and Stengel, K. (2000) Cumbria-wide Teenage Pregnancy Strategy, North Cumbria Health Authority.
Associated Keywords: Activism, Ageing, Aging, Community care, Ethics, Health and Older People, Health and place, Health geography, Informal care, Mental and emotional well-being, Place of care, Research ethics, Social care, Therapeutic landscapes, Voluntary sector, Voluntary sector social work
View all research activities, ePrints, news and events associated with Christine Milligan.
Contact Details
Tel: +44 (0)1524 592128
Room: Bowland East, B68
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Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Lancaster University
Lancaster LA1 4YD
United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1524 510851
Fax: +44 (0) 1524 510857
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