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Malpractice in Undergraduate and Postgraduate Examinations and Coursework

A.1 Definition

1.1 The university values a culture of honesty and mutual trust (academic integrity) and expects all members of the university to respect and uphold these core values.

Cheating, a form of academic malpractice, includes: cheating in examinations, plagiarism, duplication and false declaration.

It is an academic offence for a candidate to commit any act (defined in paras. 1.2, 1.3, 2.2) designed to obtain for himself or herself an unfair advantage with a view to achieving a higher grade or mark than he/she would otherwise secure. Any attempt to convey deceitfully the impression of acquired knowledge, skills, understanding, or credentials, shall represent a contravention of Rule 6 of the University, and may constitute grounds for exclusion.

1.2 Cheating in examinations

Occurs when: a candidate communicates, or attempts to communicate, with a fellow candidate or individual who is neither an invigilator or member of staff; copies, or attempts to copy from a fellow candidate; attempts to introduce or consult during the examination, any unauthorised printed or written material, or electronic calculating or information storage device; or mobile phones or other communication device, or personates or allows himself or herself to be impersonated.

1.3 Plagiarism

Plagiarism involves the unacknowledged use by a student of someone else's work, usually in coursework, and passing it off as if it were his/her own. This category of cheating includes the following:

1.3.1 collusion, where a piece of work prepared by a group is represented as if it were the student's own;

1.3.2 commissioning or use of work by the student which is not his/her own and representing it as if it were:

  • purchase of a paper from a commercial service, including internet sites, whether pre-written or specially prepared for the student concerned
  • submission of a paper written by another person, either by a fellow student or a person who is not a member of the university;

1.3.3 duplication of the same or almost identical work for more than one module;

1.3.4 the act of copying or paraphrasing a paper from a source text, whether in manuscript, printed or electronic form, without appropriate acknowledgement;

1.3.5 submission of another student's work, whether with or without that student's knowledge or consent.

1.4 Fabrication of results

Fabrication of results, which is, when a student claims to have carried out tests, experiments or observations that have not taken place or presents results not supported by the evidence with the object of obtaining an unfair advantage.

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Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Graduate School, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Lancaster University
Lancaster LA1 4YD
United Kingdom

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