The Art Journal began life as the Art-Union Journal, changing its name, but not its essentially conservative outlook, in 1848. Ruskin's editors draw attention to the fact that a large part of the chapter entitled 'Of Water, as Painted by the Ancients' was altered following adverse criticism from the Art Journal and the Artist and Amateurs' Magazine (See Works, 3.495n). The Art Journal was hostile both to the Pre-Raphaelites and to Ruskin's defence of these artists in his pamphlet Pre-Raphaelitism (1851) (See Works, 12.357.) (See also Roberts, 'Art Reviewing in the Early Nineteenth-Century Art Periodicals, Victorian Periodicals Newsletter, 19, March 1973.)