Dr Janet Robertson

Lecturer in Health Research (Part-time)

Research Interests

Janet Robertson joined the Institute for Health Research in 2000 having previously worked at the Hester Adrian Research Centre in Manchester for seven years. Janet has been involved in research in learning disabilities since completing her PhD in 1992 at the University of Kent on Analogical Reasoning and Transfer in Children with Severe Learning Disabilities. Her research within the field ofintellectual disabilities has included the evaluation of services, service user quality of life, the use of psychotropic medication, health issues, social networks, the needs of South Asian carers, and the mental health needs of children. She has also worked on a Department of Health funded evaluation of the impact of Person Centred Planning across four sites in the UK; an evaluation of the quality and costs of semi-independent living and staffed group homes; and an evaluation of responses the the Valuing People Now consultation. She has also worked on a knowledge review for the Social Care Institute of Excellence on commissioning cost-effective local services for people with learning disabilities and complex needs.More recently she hasworked on an international literature review on the impact of short breaks for disabled children and their families and on reviews for WHO on identifying intellectual disabilities and the effectiveness of CBR in low and middle income countries.

Publications From 2001

Emerson, E., & Robertson, J. (2002). Future Demand for Services for Young Adults with Learning Disabilities from South Asian and Black Communities in Birmingham. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Emerson, E., & Robertson, J. (2002). The Mental Health Needs of Children and Adolescents with Learning Disabilities in Manchester: Results of a City-Wide Survey. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2001). Quality and costs of supported living residences and group homes in the United Kingdom. Am J Ment Retard, 106(5), 401-415.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Robertson, J., Felce, D., Meek, A., Carr, D., et al. (2004). Quality & costs of community residential supports for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and challenging behaviour (CB). JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 48, 415-415.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., & Wood, J. (2004). Levels of psychological distress experienced by family carers of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) in a multi-cultural urban conurbation. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 48, 368-368.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., & Wood, J. (2004). Levels of psychological distress experienced by family carers of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in an urban conurbation. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 17(2), 77-84.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., & Wood, J. (2005). Emotional and behavioural needs of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in an urban conurbation. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 49(1), 16-24.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., & Wood, J. (2007). The association between area-level indicators of social deprivation and the emotional and behavioural needs of black and south asian children with intellectual disabilities in a deprived urban environment. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 20(5), 420-429.

Felce, D., Perry, J., Robertson, J., Romeo, R., Meek, A., Emerson, E., et al. (2006). The quality and costs of fully staffed and partially staffed group homes. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 19(3), 232-232.

Gregory, N., Robertson, J., Kessissoglou, S., Emerson, E., & Hatton, C. (2001). Factors associated with expressed satisfaction among people with intellectual disability receiving residential supports. J Intellect Disabil Res, 45(Pt), 279-291.

Hallam, A., Hallam, A., Knapp, M., Jarbrink, K., Netten, A., Emerson, E., et al. (2002). Costs of village community, residential campus and dispersed housing provision for people with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46(5), 394-404.

Hatton, C., Akram, Y., Robertson, J., Shah, R., & Emerson, E. (2003). The disclosure process and its impact on south Asian families with a child with severe intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 16(3), 177-188.

Hatton, C., Akram, Y., Shah, R., Robertson, J., & Emerson, E. (2003). Supporting South Asian Families with a Child with Severe Disabilities. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Kessissoglou, S., Perry, J., et al. (2001). The adaptive behavior scale-residential and community (part I): towards the development of a short form. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, 22(4), 273-288.

Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Kessissoglou, S., & Walsh, P. N. (2004). The Resident Choice Scale: a measure to assess opportunities for self-determination in residential settings. J Intellect Disabil Res, 48(Pt), 103-113.

Hatton, C., Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., Carr, D., et al. (2004). Staff stress and morale in non-congregate and congregate community settings for people with challenging behaviour (CB). JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 48, 415-415.

Perry, J., Meek, A., Felce, D., Romeo, R., Knapp, M., Robertson, J., et al. (in press). Outcomes and costs of community living: Semi-independent living and fully staffed group homes. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION.

Robertson, J., & Emerson, E. (2006). A Systematic Review of the Comparative Benefits and Costs of Models of Providing Residential and Vocational Supports to Adults with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Report for the National Autistic Society. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Robertson, J., & Emerson, E. (2007). A Review of Evaluative Research on Case Management for People with Intellectual Disabilities. In C. Bigby, E. Ozanne & C. Fyffe (Eds.), Issues in Case Management Practice for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Handbook for Practitioners. London: Jessica Kingsley.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Elliott, J., Hatton, C., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2007). The Impact of Person Centred Planning for People with Intellectual Disabilities in England: A Summary of Findings. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Elliott, J., Hatton, C., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (in press). The Impact of Person Centred Planning for People with Intellectual Disabilities in England: A Summary of Findings. Being translated into Spanish for "Siglo Cero".

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., Carr, D., Knapp, M., et al. (2004). Treatment and management of challenging behaviours (CB) in congregate and non-congregate community accommodation. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 48, 415-415.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2001). Social networks of people with mental retardation in residential settings. MENTAL RETARDATION, 39(3), 201-214.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Elliott, J., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2007). Person-centred planning: factors associated with successful outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 51(3), 232-243.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Elliott, J., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2005). The Impact of Person Centred Planning. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Elliott, J., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2006). Longitudinal analysis of the impact and cost of person-centered planning for people with intellectual disabilities in England. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION, 111(6), 400-416.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Elliott, J., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2007). Person-centred planning: factors associated with successful outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res, 51(Pt), 232-243.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Gregory, N., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2001). Environmental opportunities and supports for exercising self-determination in community-based residential settings. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, 22(6), 487-502.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Pinkney, L., Caesar, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., et al. (2002). Quality and Costs of Community-Based Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour: Final Report to the Department of Health. Lancaster: Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University. .

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Pinkney, L., Caesar, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., et al. (2004). Quality and costs of community-based residential supports for people with mental retardation and challenging behavior. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION, 109(4), 332-344.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Pinkney, L., Caesar, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., et al. (2005). Community-based residential supports for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: The views of neighbours. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 18(1), 85-92.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Pinkney, L., Caesar, E., Felce, D., Meek, A., et al. (2005). Treatment and management of challenging behaviours in congregate and noncongregate community-based supported accommodation. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 49(1), 63-72.

Robertson, J., Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Elliott, J., McIntosh, B., Swift, P., et al. (2007). Reported barriers to the implementation of person-centred planning for people with intellectual disabilities in the UK. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 20(4), 297-307.

Robertson, J., Hatton, C., Felce, D., Meek, A., Carr, D., Knapp, M., et al. (2005). Staff stress and morale in community-based settings for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: A brief report. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 18(3), 271-277.

Robertson, J., Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Pinkney, L., Caesar, E., Felce, D., et al. (2005). Treatment and management of challenging behaviours in congregate and noncongregate community-based supported accommodation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(1), 63-72.

Robertson, J. & Emerson, E. (2006). A Systematic Review of the Comparative Benefits and Costs of Models of Providing Residential and Vocational Supports to Adults with Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Report for the National Autistic Society, Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

Robertson, J., & Emerson, E. (2007). A review of evaluative research on case management for people with intellectual disabilities. C Bigby, E Ozanne & C Fyffe (Eds) Issues in Case Management Practice for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Handbook for Practitioners. London: Jessica Kingsley.

Smith, C., Felce, D., Ahmed, Z., Fraser, W. I., Kerr, M., Kiernan, C., et al. (2002). Sedation effects on responsiveness: evaluating the reduction of antipsychotic medication in people with intellectual disability using a conditional probability approach. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 46(6), 464-471.

Walsh, P. N., Emerson, E., & Robertson, J. (2004). A Good Place to Live: the Quality of Residential Supports. In P. N. Walsh & H. Gash (Eds.), Lives and Times: Practice, Policy and People with Disability. Dublin: Wordwell.

Walsh, P. N., Linehan, C., Hillery, J., Durkan, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., et al. (2001). Family views of the quality of residential supports. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 14(3), 292-309.

Wigham, S., Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Elliot, J., McIntosh, B., et al. (submitted). Reported Goal Setting and Benefits of Person Centred Planning for People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities.

Publications Pre-2001

Ahmed, Z., Fraser, W., Kerr, M. P., Kiernan, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., et al. (2000). Reducing antipsychotic medication in people with a learning disability. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 176, 42-46.

Akram, Y., Hatton, C., Shah, R., Robertson, J., & Emerson, E. (1999). South Asian carers of a child with severe learning difficulties: support issues. RNIB Eye Contact, 25, 18-20.

Emerson, E., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., et al. (2000). Treatment and management of challenging behaviours in residential settings. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(4), 197-215.

Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Robertson, J., Henderson, D., & Cooper, J. (1999). A descriptive analysis of the relationships between social context, engagement and stereotypy in residential services for people with severe and complex disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 12(1), 11-29.

Emerson, E., Reeves, D., Thompson, S., Henderson, D., Robertson, J., & Howard, D. (1996). Time-based lag sequential analysis and the functional assessment of challenging behaviour. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 40, 260-274.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Fowler, S., Letchford, S., & Jones, M. (1996). The long-term effects of behavioural residential special education on children with severely challenging behaviours: Changes in behaviour and skills. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 9(3), 240-255.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2000). Treatment and Management of Challenging Behaviours in Residential Settings. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, 13(4), 197-215.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (1999). Quality and Costs of Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities: A Comparative Analysis of Quality and Costs in Group Homes and Supported Living Schemes. Manchester: Hester Adrian Research Centre, Manchester University.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (1999). Quality and Costs of Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities: A Comparative Analysis of Quality and Costs in Village Communities, Residential Campuses and Dispersed Housing Schemes. Manchester: Hester Adrian Research Centre, Manchester University.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (1999). Quality and Costs of Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities: An Observational Study of Supports Provided to People with Severe Learning Disabilities in Residential Campuses and Dispersed Housing Schemes. Manchester: Hester Adrian Research Centre, Manchester University.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (1999). Quality and Costs of Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities: Predicting Variation in Quality and Costs. Manchester: Hester Adrian Research Centre, Manchester University.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2000). The Quality and Costs of Village Communities, Residential Campuses and Community-Based Residential Supports for People with Learning Disabilities. TIZARD LEARNING DISABILITY REVIEW, 5(1), 5-10.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2000). Quality and costs of community-based residential supports, village communities, and residential campuses in the United Kingdom. Am J Ment Retard, 105(2), 81-102.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., Hallam, A., et al. (2000). Social networks of people with mental retardation in residential settings. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 44, 275-275.

Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., Kessissoglou, S., Hatton, C., Hallam, A., et al. (2000). The quality and costs of community-based residential supports and residential campuses for people with severe and complex disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY, 25(4), 263-280.

Emerson, E., Thompson, S., Reeves, D., Henderson, D., & Robertson, J. (1995). Descriptive analysis of multiple response topographies of challenging behavior across two settings. Res Dev Disabil, 16(4), 301-329.

Emerson, E., Thompson, S., Robertson, J., & Henderson, D. (1996). Schedule-induced challenging behavior. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISABILITIES, 8(2), 89-103.

Emerson, E., Thompson, S., Robertson, J., & Henderson, D. (1996). Schedule-induced challenging behaviour. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISABILITIES, 8, 89-103.

Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Akram, Y., Robertson, J., & Shah, R. (2000). South Asian carers of a child with severe intellectual disabilities: Support and outcomes. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 44, 309-310.

Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Henderson, D., & Cooper, J. (1995). The quality and costs of residential services for adults with multiple disabilities: a comparative evaluation. Res Dev Disabil, 16(6), 439-460.

Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Henderson, D., & Cooper, J. (1996). Factors associated with staff support and resident lifestyle in services for people with multiple disabilities: a path analytic approach. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 40(5), 466-477.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Fowler, S., Letchford, S., Mason, H., Mason, L., et al. (1996). Residential special education for children with severely challenging behaviours: the views of parents. British Journal of Special Education, 23, 80-88.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Gregory, N., Hatto, C., Turner, S., Kessissoglou, S., et al. (2000). Lifestyle related risk factors for poor health in residential settings for people with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil, 21(6), 469-486.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Kessissoglou, S., & Hallam, A. (2000). Receipt of psychotropic medication by people with intellectual disability in residential settings. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 44, 666-676.

Robertson, J., Emerson, E., Gregory, N., Hatton, C., Turner, S., Kessissoglou, S., et al. (2000). Lifestyle related risk factors for poor health in residential settings for people with intellectual disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, 21(6), 469-486.

Walsh, P. N., Hillery, J., Linehan, C., Emerson, E., Robertson, J., Gregory, N., et al. (2000). Family views of the quality of residential supports. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, 44, 508-508.