Ian Gregory
Senior Lecturer in Digital Humanities |
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BA: Geography (Lancaster); MSc: Geographical Information Systems (Edinburgh); PhD: Historical GIS (London)
Digital Humanities
c/o Department of History
Lancaster University
Lancaster, LA1 4YG, UK
Room: B58, Furness
Tel: +44 (0)1524 594967
Fax: +44 (0)1524 846102
E-mail: I.Gregory@lancaster.ac.uk
I am a geographer by training who, after doing an MSc in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) at the University of Edinburgh, got a one-year contract at Queen Mary, University of London working to create a GIS of some nineteenth century administrative data. Somehow this evolved into the Great Britain Historical GIS (GBHGIS), a major database that comprises the majority of statistical data from sources such as the census and vital registration data for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This took several years to build and over £500,000 of funding, primarily from the ESRC. It was also the subject of my PhD. Since leaving London I worked at the University of Portsmouth and then as the Associate Director of Centre for Data Digitisation and Analysis at the Queens University, Belfast. In September 2006 I moved to Lancaster to lead a new initiative in Digital Humanities. I am on the editorial boards of the journals Social Science History and Historical Methods. I am serving my second term as co-chair of the Social Science History Associations's Historical Geography network as well as my first term on their Executive Committee. Finally, I am on the Institutional Board and Technical Steering Committee of the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative.
Research interests :
1. The use of GIS technology to study long-term change in the societies of Britain and Ireland in particular through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
2. Developing an understanding of what GIS has to offer to historical research more generally and developing Historical GIS as an established field within history.
3. Using computing technology across the humanities and social sciences to gain a better understanding of the past.
What is Digital Humanities?
Digital Humanities (also known as Humanities Computing or Computing in the Humanities), is a broad and rapidly growing inter-disciplinary field. It is concerned with using computational techniques to do the following:
- Create databases concerned with documents or artefacts relevant to the humanities. This involves capturing, structuring, documenting, preserving and disseminating such data.
- Develop generic methodologies to provide new insights into these datasets.
- Conduct new scholarship on these databases to increase our understanding of disciplines across the humanities. This is the most important of the three but also perhaps the most neglected as it required inter-disciplinary collaboration between experts in technologies and methodologies on the one hand, and academics with specific research questions that they want to use computational techniques to help answer.
The artefacts and documents studied within Digital Humanities are often text-based but may be a wide range of other sources including: photographs; images of physical artefacts from buildings to ceramics; representations of events or performances; maps; virtual worlds; statistics on human activities from the past; and so on. Increasingly Digital Humanities is concerned with resources that are born-digital.
What is Historical GIS?
For an answer to this see the Historical GIS Research Network website that I maintain.
Recent publications (since 2000):
Books:
- Gregory I.N. and Ell P.S. (2007) Historical GIS: Technologies, methodologies and scholarship. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
- Gregory I.N. (2003) A place in history: A guide to using GIS in historical research. Oxford: Oxbow Books. A second edition of this is available online from the ESRC's Research Methods Programme while the first edition is available from AHDS History.
Journal articles:
- Gregory I.N. and Cooper D. (in press) “Thomas Gray, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Geographical Information Systems: A Literary GIS of Two Lake District Tours” International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing
- Gregory I.N. and Marti Henneberg J. (2010, in press) “The railways, urbanisation, and local demography in England and Wales, 1825-1911” Social Science History, 24, pp. 199-228
- Gregory I.N., Marti Henneberg J. and Tapiador F.J. (2010) “Modelling long-term pan-European population change from 1870 to 2000 using Geographical Information Systems” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, 173, pp. 31-50. See DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-985X.2009.00598.x
- Gregory I.N. (2009) “Comparisons between the geographies of mortality and deprivation from the 1900s to 2001: spatial analysis of census and mortality statistics” British Medical Journal, 339: b3454, pp. 676-679. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b3454. I was interviewed about this on BBC Radio 4's Today Programme on the 11th Sept. 2009.
- Dunning A., Gregory I., and Hardie A. (2009) “Freeing up digital content with text mining: New research means new licenses” Serials, 22, pp. 166-173. DOI: 10.1629/22166
- Norman P., Gregory I., Dorling D. and Baker A. (2008) “Geographical trends in infant mortality in England and Wales, 1971-2006” Health Statistics Quarterly, 40, pp. 18-29. Available here.
- Gregory I.N. (2008) “Different places, different stories: Infant mortality decline in England & Wales, 1851-1911” Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 98, pp. 773-794. DOI: 10.1080/00045600802224406
- Gregory I.N. and Healey R.G. (2007) “Historical GIS: Structuring, mapping and analysing geographies of the past” Progress in Human Geography, 31, pp. 638-653. DOI: 10.1177/0309132507081495
- Gregory I.N. and Ell P.S. (2006) “Error sensitive historical GIS: Identifying areal interpolation errors in time series data” International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20, pp. 135-152. DOI: 10.1080/13658810500399589
- Gregory I.N. and Ell P.S. (2005) “Analysing spatio-temporal change using national historical GISs: Population change during and after the Great Irish Famine” Historical Methods, 38, pp. 149-167. DOI: 10.3200/HMTS.38.4.149-167
- Gregory I.N. and Ell P.S. (2005) “Breaking the boundaries: Integrating 200 years of the Census using GIS” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 168, pp. 419-437. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-985X.2005.00356.x
- Ell P.S. and Gregory I.N. (2005) “Demography, depopulation and devastation: Exploring the Geography of the Irish Potato Famine” Historical Geography, 33, pp. 54-75. Available here.
- Gregory I.N. (2005) “The Great Britain Historical GIS” Historical Geography, 33, pp. 132-134. Available here.
- Gregory I.N., Kemp, K. and Mostern R. (2003) “Geographical Information and historical research: Current progress and future directions” History and Computing, 13, pp. 7-21.
- Gregory I.N., Bennett, C., Gilham, V.L. and Southall H.R. (2002) “The Great Britain Historical GIS: From maps to changing human geography” The Cartographic Journal, 39, pp. 37-49.
- Gregory I.N. (2002) “Time variant databases of changing historical administrative boundaries: A European comparison” Transactions in GIS, 6, pp. 161-178. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9671.00103
- Gregory I.N. (2002) “The accuracy of areal interpolation techniques: Standardising 19th and 20th century census data to allow long-term comparisons” Computers Environment and Urban Systems, 26, pp. 293-314. DOI: 10.1016/S0198-9715(01)00013-8
- Congdon P., Campos R.M., Curtis S.E., Southall H.R., Gregory I.N., and Jones I.R. (2001) “Quantifying and explaining changes in geographical inequality of infant mortality in England and Wales since the 1890s” International Journal of Population Geography, 7, pp. 35-51. DOI: 10.1002/ijpg.203
- Gregory I.N., Dorling D. and Southall H.R. (2001) “A century of inequality in England and Wales using standardised geographical units” Area, 33, pp. 297-311. DOI: 10.1111/1475-4762.00033
- Gregory I.N. (2000) “Longitudinal analysis of age and gender specific migration patterns in England and Wales: A GIS-based approach” Social Science History, 24, pp. 471-503. Available here.
Book chapters:
- Gregory I.N. (2008) “Using Geographical Information Systems to explore space and time in the humanities” in Greengrass M. and Hughes L. (eds.) The Virtual Representation of the Past. Ashgate: Aldershot. pp. 135-146
- Gregory I.N. (2008) “‘A map is just a bad graph:’ Why spatial statistics are important in historical GIS” in Knowles A.K. (ed.) Placing History: How maps, spatial data and GIS are changing historical scholarship. ESRI Press: Redlands CA. pp. 123-149
- Gregory I.N. (2005) “Creating analytic results from historical GIS” Humanities, Computers and Cultural Heritage: Proceedings of the XVIth international conference of the Association of History and Computing. Royal Netherlands Academy of the Arts and Sciences: Amsterdam.
- Campos R.M., Congdon P., Curtis S.E., Gregory I.N., Jones I.R. and Southall H.R. (2004) “Locality level mortality and socio-economic change in Britain since 1920: First steps towards analysis of infant mortality variation” In Boyle P., Curtis S.E., Graham E., and Moore E. (eds.) The Geography of Health Inequalities in the Developed World. Ashgate: Aldershot. pp. 53-75
- Gregory I.N. and Southall, H.R. (2002) “Mapping British population history” In Knowles, A.K. (ed.) Past Time, Past Place: GIS for History. ESRI Press: Redlands, CA., pp. 117-130.
- Ell P.S. and Gregory I.N. (2001) “The Great Britain Historical GIS Project: Current progress and future prospects.” In Proceedings of the 2001 PNC Annual Conference and Joint Meetings, Hong Kong. Computing Centre, Academia Sinica: Taiwan
- Gregory I.N., Southall H.R. and Dorling D. (2000) “A century of poverty in England & Wales, 1898-1998: A geographical analysis” In Bradshaw J. and Sainsbury R. (eds.) Researching Poverty. Ashgate: Aldershot, pp. 130-159
- Gregory I.N. (2000) “The use of areal interpolation to explore long-term demographic change” In GeoComputation 2000: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on GeoComputation. GeoComputation CD-ROM: Manchester
- Gregory I.N. and Southall H.R. (2000) “Spatial frameworks for historical censuses – the Great Britain Historical GIS”. In Hall P.K., McCaa R. and Thorvaldsen G. (eds.) Handbook of Historical Microdata for Population Research. Minnesota Population Center: Minneapolis, pp. 319-333
Other publications:
Current and recently completed grants:
- Arts and Humanities Research Council “Landscapes, memories and cultural practices: a GIS / GPS digital heritage mapping network.” (Led by Dr. J. Hallam) 2009-10
- Spatial Literacy In Teaching “GIS in the Humanities: Towards an educational strategy in Britain and America.” (with Prof. D. Bodenhamer and Dr. J. Wilson) 2009-10
- Jean Monnet Programme “European Integration through the (lengths) of railway connections in Europe. An applied Geographical Information System” (Led by Prof J. Marti Henneberg, with Dr. F. Tapiador and Dr. F. Moriconi-Ebrard). 2008-09.
- Arts and Humanities Research Council/Economic and Social Research Council “Troubled Geographies: Two centuries of Religious Division in Ireland” (with Drs. P.S. Ell, C. Lloyd and I. Shuttleworth). 2007-09. This grant is under their Religion and Society Programme.
- Joint Information Systems Committee “A digital library of core e-resources on Ireland” (Led by Dr. P.S. Ell). 2007-09
- Economic and Social Research Council Seminar Series “The Historical GIS Research Network” (with Dr. P.S. Ell as co-applicant). 2007-08. For more on this see the Historical GIS Research Network website.
- British Academy “Literary mapping of the Lakes: A pilot for a Humanities GIS” (with Dr. S. Bushell and Mr David Cooper). 2007-08. A website that maps the accounts Thomas Gray and Samuel Taylor Coleridge was produced by this grant and is available as Mapping the Lakes: A Literary GIS. The Westmorland Gazette ran a story on this.
- National Endowment for the Humanities “History and Geography: A comparative study of railways, uneven geographical development, and a crisis of globalization in France and Great Britain, 1830-1914” (Led by Prof. R. Schwartz, with Dr. T. Thevenin). 2006-09. The project's website is here.
- Arts and Humanities Research Council “Geographical Information Systems e-Science: Developing a roadmap.” (Led by Dr. P.S. Ell). 2006-07
- Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship “Two centuries of geo-demographic change.” 2005-06
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